Transmission Electron Microscopy
Observation of viruses and VLPs by TEM is done on thin sections of pelleted samples embedded in resin or negative staining of a certain number of cell profiles.
For the investigation of cell substrates used in the manufacture of biopharmaceuticals to test for the presence of virus-like particles, the Federal Drug Administration (FDA), Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) guidelines recommend the use of TEM.
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TEM is the only method to show the morphology and structure of the virus.